Liquid Fuel Combustion Chemistry

Future propulsion systems require an understanding of turbulence-chemistry interaction under high-speed, highly-turbulent flow regimes. Under such conditions, fuel properties and combustion characteristics are key factors that can affect engine performance. Among available fuel options, liquid hydrocarbon-based fuels are the current choices with their high energy density values. However, complexity in fuel composition and molecular structures precludes detailed modeling of their combustion behavior.

I proposed a physics-based HyChem (hybrid chemistry) approach (my Ph.D. work) to address the above problem. Initial fuel pyrolysis is treated with a lumped reaction model with parameters determined from kinetic experiments. The subsequent, rate-limiting oxidation process is described by a detailed, foundational fuel chemistry model (FFCM). The HyChem approach was tested to model the combustion of many practical fuels with high prediction accuracy, including conventional jet fuel, rocket propellants, a sustainable aviation fuel, and gasolines. Through collaborations, the HyChem models were successfully implemented in CFD simulations of turbulent spray combustion in real combustors, thus resolving a long-standing issue of simulating real-fuel turbulence-chemistry interactions under real engine conditions. HyChem has also been extended to predict emissions (i.e., NOx and soot) and the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).

Related publications

  1. Y. Zhang, W. Dong, R. Xu, H. Wang*, Foundational Fuel Chemistry Model 2 – iso-Butene chemistry and application in modeling alcohol-to-jet fuel combustion, Combustion and Flame, 259, 113168, 2024. [Link] [PDF]
  2. A.M. Chang, J. Meisner, R. Xu, T.J. Martínez*, Efficient acceleration of reaction discovery in the ab initio nanoreactor: Phenyl radical oxidation chemistry, The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 127, 9580-9589, 2023. [Link] [PDF]